The European Green Deal (EGD) is a political and economic strategy that aims to make the European Union (EU) climate neutral by 2050, making the fight against climate change the new model of economic and social growth. 

The EGD was presented by the European Commission in December 2019 and since then the 27 EU Member States have been producing legislation, launching initiatives and setting objectives, such as, for example, reducing greenhouse gas emissions in 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels.

The EGD is a transversal strategy that covers several sectoral policies and a vast set of actions articulated in eight areas:
1. Increasing the EU's climate ambition (net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050)
2. Providing clean, affordable and safe energy
3. Mobilizing industry for a clean and circular economy
4. Building and renovating in an energy and resource efficient way
5. Zero pollution ambition for a toxic-free environment
6. Preserving and restoring ecosystems and biodiversity
7. Ensuring a fair, healthy and ecological food system
8. Accelerating the shift to sustainable and smart mobility

The implementation of measures in these eight areas calls upon an essential pillar of the EGD, which is Research and Innovation.
Another pillar of the EGD is the Just Transition Mechanism, with the mobilization of 100 billion euros to finance the investment necessary for the transition without leaving anyone behind. 
Faced with the universal dimension of ecological problems and the climate threat, the EGD also aims to place Europe at the forefront of international negotiations on climate and biodiversity, through the so-called “green diplomacy” and providing financial support to countries on other continents.
The European Green Deal is a complex and vast political, economic and social program, which faces challenges and implementation difficulties due to the contradictory interests that exist at the root of the problems it seeks to solve. Some important measures have been taken, at the end of long negotiations, such as the European Climate Law, in July 2021, and the Nature Restoration Law, in June 2024.